Javanese Translation & Interpretation Services
Javanese language
Providing Professional Translation, Interpretation and Localization services in Javanese and more than 300 other languages and dialects.
Autonym(s)
Basa Jawa
Number of Speakers
Native Speakers: 68 million
Geographic Distribution
Indonesia
Official or Recognized Status
None (regional recognition)
Classification
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian
Features
The most widely spoken indigenous language in Indonesia, is an agglutinative language with subject–verb–object word order and flexible syntax shaped by particles and emphasis. Its sound system includes a broad range of vowels, diphthongs, and prenasalized consonants, with syllables often favoring simple consonant–vowel patterns. A defining feature is its intricate system of speech levels—ngoko (informal), madya (polite), and krama (formal)—which reflect respect and social hierarchy through distinct vocabulary and grammar. Javanese makes frequent use of affixation and reduplication, and its vocabulary shows strong influence from Sanskrit, Arabic, Dutch, and Indonesian. Traditionally written in the Javanese script, it is now more commonly written in the Latin alphabet, though the script still holds cultural significance.
Dialects
Javanese is broadly divided into three main dialects: Western, Central, and Eastern. Western Javanese, spoken around Banten and Cirebon, shows influence from Sundanese and has its own vocabulary quirks. Central Javanese, centered in Yogyakarta and Surakarta, is considered the prestige variety and is most closely tied to formal and literary use, maintaining the full complexity of the speech levels system. Eastern Javanese, found in places like Surabaya and Malang, is known for its sharper pronunciation and a tendency to simplify distinctions between speech levels. Despite these differences, the dialects remain mutually intelligible across the Javanese-speaking world.
Writing System
Latin script, Javanese script
U.S. Distribution
Javanese speakers in the United States make up a very small community, likely only a few thousand within the broader Indonesian American population of around 150,000 to 160,000. While exact numbers aren’t tracked, Javanese is one of several ethnic languages spoken among Indonesians in the U.S. Most Javanese speakers are found in the same areas where Indonesian Americans are concentrated—major metropolitan regions such as Southern California, the San Francisco Bay Area, New York City, Texas, Seattle, and Hawaii.
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