Malay Translation & Interpretation Services
Malay language
Providing Professional Translation, Interpretation, and Localization services in Malay and more than 300 other languages and dialects.
Autonym(s)
Bahasa Melayu (also commonly referred to as “Malaysian”)
Number of Speakers
Native Speakers: 82 million; L2 Speakers: 290 million
Geographic Distribution
Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei
Official or Recognized Status
Malaysia, Indonesia (as Indonesian), Brunei, Singapore
Classification
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian
Features
An Austronesian language known for its relatively simple phonology, analytic structure, and consistent word order. It typically follows a subject–verb–object (SVO) pattern and relies on particles and word order rather than inflection to express grammatical relationships. Words are formed mainly through affixation and reduplication, allowing subtle changes in meaning or grammatical function. Malay has no grammatical gender or verb conjugation for tense; instead, time and aspect are indicated through adverbs or context. The language features a moderate vowel system, clear syllable structure, and a rich borrowing history, with vocabulary influenced by Sanskrit, Arabic, Portuguese, Dutch, and English due to centuries of trade and cultural contact.
Dialects
Malay encompasses a wide range of dialects spoken across Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Singapore, and parts of southern Thailand and the Philippines. These dialects fall broadly into two groups: Peninsular Malay (such as Johor-Riau, Kedah, Kelantan, and Terengganu) and Bornean Malay (including varieties from Sarawak, Brunei, and Sabah). Johor-Riau, historically the prestige dialect, forms the basis of both Standard Malay (Bahasa Melayu) in Malaysia and Standard Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia). However, the two standards have diverged through separate modernization and lexical influences. Dialects differ mainly in pronunciation, intonation, and vocabulary, with some—like Kelantanese or Sarawak Malay—so distinct that they may be only partly intelligible to speakers of Standard Malay.
Writing System
Latin script
U.S. Distribution
In the U.S., Malay is spoken primarily by immigrants and students from Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, and Singapore, as well as by small expatriate and mixed-heritage communities. Concentrations of Malay speakers can be found in major metropolitan areas such as Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, Houston, and Washington, D.C., where Southeast Asian populations have established cultural and academic networks. Many speakers also use Indonesian, which is closely related to Malay, and the two varieties often overlap in community settings. While English dominates public and professional life, Malay continues to be spoken at home, in mosques and cultural associations, and during community events that preserve linguistic and cultural identity among the Southeast Asian diaspora.
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